The wide cost band in Indian engineering
Government engineering colleges (IITs, NITs, IIITs, state universities) charge ₹50,000-2 lakh per year — total 4-year cost ₹2-8 lakh including hostel. Private engineering universities charge ₹2-7 lakh per year — total cost ₹8-30 lakh. Top-tier private universities (BITS, VIT, Manipal, SRM) cluster around ₹15-25 lakh total.
Plan for the higher band of what your child is realistically aiming for. Over-saving leaves a buffer that can fund post-graduate education; under-saving leaves you scrambling for an education loan at the wrong moment.
Education inflation is real and persistent
MoSPI's CPI-Education sub-index has run at 6-8% in most post-2010 years. Private engineering institutions raise fees aggressively — 8-10% per year is the standard planning assumption. IIT fees themselves have risen from ₹50K/year in 2008 to ₹2.5 L/year today — a 9-10% CAGR.
Use 9% as the default inflation assumption for India-engineering planning. Use 10% if you're planning for a premium private institution.
Don't forget JEE / NEET coaching costs
Coaching for entrance exams is a separate cost — typically ₹2-5 lakh for 2 years of full-time JEE / NEET coaching at a tier-1 centre. Build this into the plan as a year-T-minus-2 expense.
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